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Dog lymph nodes4/14/2023 ![]() ![]() 12 Assessment of abdominal lymph nodes requires the sonographer to understand the normal anatomic location of the individual nodes as well as the regional anatomy, particularly the vascular anatomy, because lymph nodes are found surrounding specific abdominal vessels. 1 A scant amount of physiologic peritoneal effusion, typically not seen on ultrasonography, is normal this effusion serves as a lubricant for the peritoneal organs.Ībdominal lymph nodes vary dramatically in size and shape depending on the age of the animal and the location of the node. Like the pleural space, the peritoneal space is a closed cavity with a serous mesothelial lining. Ultrasound examination of the peritoneal and retroperitoneal spaces involves evaluation of the falciform, mesenteric, and retroperitoneal fat as well as potential cavities within these areas for the presence of masses, gas, or fluid ( Figure 1). Peritoneum and Retroperitoneum Normal Findings Read the other small animal abdominal ultrasonography articles published in Today’s Veterinary Practice at. The rest of the series discusses ultrasound evaluation of specific abdominal organs/systems. The initial articles provided an overview of basic ultrasonography principles and a discussion about how to perform a systematic scan of the abdomen. Welcome to our series of articles on small animal abdominal ultrasonography. This article reviews the normal ultrasonographic appearance of these structures in dogs and cats as well as commonly encountered abnormalities. The abdominal lymph nodes (lymphocenters), which are located throughout the abdomen, drain specific regional organs and areas. The peritoneal and retroperitoneal spaces are assessed throughout the ultrasound examination of the entire abdomen.
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